Air pollution
- Irritation of eyes, nose, mouth and throat
- Asthma attacks
- Respiratory symptoms such as coughing and wheezing
- Increased respiratory disease such as bronchitis
- Reduced energy levels
- Reduced lung functioning
- Headaches and dizziness
- Disruption of endocrine, reproductive and immune systems
- Neurobehavioral disorders
- Cardiovascular problems
- Cancer
- Premature death
Water pollution
Waterborne diseases caused by polluted drinking water:
- Typhoid
- Amoebiasis
- Giardiasis
- Ascariasis
- Hookworm
Waterborne diseases caused by polluted beach water:
- Rashes, ear ache, pink eye
- Respiratory infections
- Hepatitis, encephalitis, gastroenteritis, diarrhoea, vomiting, and stomach aches
Conditions related to water polluted by chemicals (such as pesticides, hydrocarbons, persistent organic pollutants, heavy metals etc):
- Cancer, incl. prostate cancer and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma
- Hormonal problems that can disrupt reproductive and developmental processes
- Damage to the nervous system
- Liver and kidney damage
- Damage to the DNA
- Exposure to mercury (heavy metal):
- In the womb: may cause neurological problems including slower reflexes, learning deficits, delayed or incomplete mental development, autism and brain damage
- In adults: Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer’s disease, heart disease, and even death
Other notes:
- Water pollution may also result from interactions between water and contaminated soil, as well as from deposition of air contaminants (such as acid rain)
- Damage to people may be caused by fish foods coming from polluted water (a well known example is high mercury levels in fish)
- Damage to people may be caused by vegetable crops grown / washed with polluted water (author’s own conclusion)
Soil contamination
- Causes cancers including leukaemia
- Lead in soil is especially hazardous for young children causing developmental damage to the brain
- Mercury can increase the risk of kidney damage; cyclodienes can lead to liver toxicity
- Causes neuromuscular blockage as well as depression of the central nervous system
- Also causes headaches, nausea, fatigue, eye irritation and skin rash
Other notes:
- Contact with contaminated soil may be direct (from using parks, schools etc) or indirect (by inhaling soil contaminants which have vaporized)
- Soil contamination may also result from secondary contamination of water supplies and from deposition of air contaminants (for example, via acid rain)
- Contamination of crops grown in polluted soil brings up problems with food security
- Since it is closely linked to water pollution, many effects of soil contamination appear to be similar to the ones caused by water contamination
P/S: Prevention is better than cure
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